18. Study Questions Copy

1. Having read Herodotus’ account, what problems are there with it, in terms of the evidence it provides for why Xerxes decided to invade Greece?

The reasons are framed within the context of a debate at the Persian court, and it seems unlikely that Herodotus would have had a transcript of the conversation that happened there. We do not have Persian sources.

2. If we accept Herodotus, what were Xerxes’ motives for invasion?

Revenge on the Athenians; economic expansion; the desire of some Greeks, such as Hippias, for an invasion.

3. Were there any dissenting voices?

Again, according to Herodotus, Artabanus (Xerxes’ uncle) advises caution, pointing to previous Persian failures. He is ignored.

4. What is concerning about the numbers given by Herodotus for the Persian troops?

There are grossly exaggerated, either as the result of mistaken calculations or to make the Greek resistance and subsequent victories seem more heroic.

5. What logistical problems did the Persians have to overcome?

They had to set up supply chains, including cutting a canal through the Athos peninsula and bridging the Hellespont.

6. Where were the troops assembled?

At Sardis.

18. Study Questions Copy

18. Study Questions Copy

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